BIG DATA ANALYTICS TO SHAPE INNOVATIVE ESG SOLUTIONS THROUGH HUMAN-GENERATIVE-AI LENSES
Resumen
Are companies led by big data analytics capabilities likely to improve environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues? This study suggests big data analytics capabilities as a booster to enhance ESG performance and disclosure – that is, we introduce and examine the strength of big data analytics capabilities to enhance ESG performance. We hypothesize and find robust evidence for a positive relationship between big data analytics capabilities and ESG performance and disclosure through the lens of generative artificial intelligence (GEN-AI) and managers of innovative multinational companies from three sectors of an emerging economy. The main findings of our study suggest that big data analytics capabilities are substantive and enhance environmental, social, and governance performance and disclosure. The results also imply that governance is more responsive to the adoption of big data analytics; while social performance was more muted. We shed new light on the relevance of big data analytics capabilities to shape ESG under a human-machine lens. Our findings therefore contribute to the conversation on the role of big data analytics capabilities in improving ESG issues in organizations by unearthing the organizational implications of big data analytics capabilities for ESG. As organizations increasingly develop analytics capabilities, ESG becomes more powerful. Our study offers a timely warning to companies that aim to make progress on ESG but remain inactive regarding big data analytics capabilities.
Citas
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AKTER, S.; WAMBA, S.F.; GUNASEKARAN, A.; DUBEY, R.; CHILDE, S. J. (2016) How to improve firm performance using big data analytics capability and business strategy alignment? International Journal of Production Economics, 182, December, 113-131
ALESSA, N., AKPAREP, J. Y., SULEMANA, I., AGYEMANG, A. O. (2024) Does stakeholder pressure influence firms environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure? Evidence from Ghana. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1).
ALSAYEGH, M.F.; RAHMAN, R.A.; HOMAYOUN, S. (2020) Corporate Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability Performance Transformation through ESG Disclosure. Sustainability, 12(9), 3910.
ASANTE-APPIAH, B., LAMBERT, T. A. (2023) The role of the external auditor in managing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reputation risk. Review of Accounting Studies, 28(4), 2589–2641.
ASIF, M.; SEARCY, C.; CASTKA, P. (2023) ESG and Industry 5.0: The role of technologies in enhancing ESG disclosure, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 195, October, 122806
AWAN, U.; SHAMIM, S.; KHAN, Z.; ZIA, N.U.; SHARIQ, S.M.; KHAN, M.N. (2021) Big data analytics capability and decision-making: The role of data-driven insight on circular economy performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 168, July, 120766
BAGH, T.; ZHOU, B.; ALAWI, S.M.; AZAM, R.I. (2024) ESG resilience: Exploring the non-linear effects of ESG performance on firms sustainable growth, Research in International Business and Finance, 70, Part A, June, 102305
BARNES, S.J.; GUO, Y.; CHAN, J. (2022) Big Data analytics for sustainability: Insight through technological innovation. Information & Management, 59, 5, July, 103627
BCG. Most Innovative Companies – Report, 2022. Available in:. Access in: January, 2024.
BHARDWAJ. A.; SINGH, W. (2017) Systematic review of big data analytics in governance, 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), Palladam, India, 501-506.
BRESCIANI, S.; ABBAS, J.; JABEEN, F. (2024) Building Digital Capabilities for Improved ESG Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms: Strategies for Tackling Challenges and Capitalizing on Opportunities". Editorial, 2024. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Available in:. Access in: August, 2024.
CAI, C.; LI, Y.; TU, Y. (2024) Big data capabilities, ESG performance and corporate value. International Review of Economics & Finance, 96, Part A, November, 103540
CHEN, S.; SONG, Y.; GAO, P. (2023) Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and financial outcomes: Analyzing the impact of ESG on financial performance Journal of Environmental Management, 345, 1 November, 118829
CHENG, L. T.W; FUNG, HG; ZHAO, J. (2024) Sustainability: A Journey for Better Future in Developing Countries. Asian Journal of Accounting Research. Editorial. 2024. Available in:. Access in: April, 2024.
CIAMPI, F.; DEMI, S.; MAGRINI, A.; MARZI, G.; PAPA, A. (2021) Exploring the impact of big data analytics capabilities on business model innovation: The mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Journal of Business Research, 125, março, 261.
CORNELL, B.; SHAPIRO, A.C. (2021) Corporate stakeholders, corporate valuation and ESG. European Financial Management, 27(2), March, 196-207
DAVENPORT, T. H.; HARRIS, J.; & SHAPIRO, J. Competing on Talent Analytics. Harvard Business Review, 88 (10), 1-6, 2010.
DEL GESSO, C.; LODHI, R.N. (2024) Theories underlying environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure: a systematic review of accounting studies, Journal of Accounting Literature, ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print.
DONALDSON, T.; PRESTON, L. (1995) The stakeholders theory of the corporation: concepts, evidence and implications. Academy of Management Review, 20(1), 65-91.
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FRIEDMAN, L.; MILES, S. (2006) Stakeholders: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006.
GIORDINO, D., JABEEN, F., NIRINO, N., BRESCIANI, S. (2024). Institutional investors ownership concentration and its effect on disclosure and transparency of United Nations sustainable development goals. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 200, 123132.
GONG, C.; RIBIERE, V. (2021) Developing a unified definition of digital transformation, Technovation, 102(C).
GOVINDAN, K.; SHAW, M.; MAJUMDAR, A. (2021) Social sustainability tensions in multi-tier supply chain: A systematic literature review towards conceptual framework development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279 (10), January, 123075
GUPTA, M.; GEORGE, J.F. (2016) Toward the development of a big data analytics capability. Information & Management, 53(8), 1049-1064.
HAHN, T., PINKSE, J., PREUSS, L. FIGGE F. (2015) Tensions in Corporate Sustainability: Towards an Integrative Framework. J Bus Ethics 127, 297–316
HUTTON, J.G.; GOODMAN, M.B.; ALEXANDER, J.B.; GENEST, C.M. (2001) Reputation management: the new face of corporate public relations? Public Relations Review, 27(3), Autumn, 247-261
KPMG (2023) Putting big data at the heart of ESG decision making. Disponível em: https://kpmg.com/xx/en/home/insights/2021/08/pulse-of-fintech-h1-21-esg.html. Acesso em: 07.12.2023.
LE, H.; VU, KC. (2024) Big data analytics and environmental performance: The moderating role of internationalization. Finance Research Letters, 64, June, 105484
LI, J.; LIAN, G.; XU, A. (2023) How do ESG affect the spillover of green innovation among peer firms? Mechanism discussion and performance study, Journal of Business Research, Volume 158, March, 113648
LU, Y., XU, C., ZHU, B., SUN, Y. (2024). Digitalization transformation and ESG performance: Evidence from China. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(2), 352–368.
MAALOUL, A.; ZEGHAL, D.; BEN-AMAR, W.; MANSOUR, S.; (2021) The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance and Disclosure on Cost of Debt: The Mediating Effect of Corporate Reputation, Corporate Reputation Review, 26(3), December.
MADSEN, T.L. (2024) Academy of Management. 84th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management (AOM 2024). Innovating for the Future: Policy, Purpose, and Organization. Available in:. Access in: January.
MAJI, S.G.; LOHIA, P. (2024) Assessing the effect of core and expanded ESG on corporate financial performance: COVID-19’s moderating role, Journal of Indian Business Research, 16(2), 244-264
MCAFEE, A. ; BRYNJOLFSSON, E. (2012) Big Data: The Management Revolution. Harvard Business Review.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY, (2024) Social Responsability Report. (2019) Available in:. Access in: september, 2024.
MENG T, DATO HAJI YAHYA MH, ASHHARI ZM, YU D (2023) ESG performance, investor attention, and company reputation: threshold model analysis based on panel data from listed companies in China. Heliyon 9(10): e20974.
MIKALEF, P.; PAPPAS, I.O.; KROGSTIE, J.; GIANNAKOS, M., (2018) "Big data analytics capabilities: a systematic literature review and research agenda, Information Systems and e-Business Management, Springer, 16(3), 547-578, August.
MIKALEF.P., KROGSTIE, J.; PAPPAS, I.O.; PAVLOU, P. (2020). Exploring the relationship between big data analytics capability and competitive performance: The mediating roles of dynamic and operational capabilities. Information & Management, 57(2), March, 103169
MISHRA, B.P., BISWAL, B.B., BEHERA, A.K. DAS, H.C. (2021) Effect of big data analytics on improvement of corporate social/green performance, Journal of Modelling in Management, 16(3)3, 922-943.
MOHAMMAD, W.M.W.; WASIUZZAMAN, S. (2021) Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) disclosure, competitive advantage and performance of firms in Malaysia. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2, June, 100015
MONITOR EMPRESARIAL DE REPUTAÇÃO CORPORATIVA (2023) Responsabilidade ESG no Brasilem 2023. Report. Available in: https://www.merco.info/br/. Access in: June, 28.
NADERPAJOUH, N.; AALTONEN, K.; ERIK HOLLNAGEL, E.; KWAK, Y.H.; LINNENLUECKE, M. (2024) Projects of Future: Temporary Organizing for Resilient and Just Societies and Businesses – Editorial. IEEE Tems – Technology & Engineering Management Society. Available in:https://www.ieee-tems.org/projects-of-future-temporary-organizing-for-resilient-and-just-societies-and-businesses/. Access in: June, 2024.
PESQUEIRA, A., SOUSA, M.J. (2024) Exploring the role of big data analytics and dynamic capabilities in ESG programs within pharmaceuticals. Software Qual J 32, 607–640.
SARIYER, G., SACHIN K. M., SOUMYADEB C., MERT E. S., YIGIT K. (2024) Predictive and prescriptive analytics for ESG performance evaluation: A case of Fortune 500 companies. Journal of Business Research 181, 114742.
SECRETARIA DE POLÍTICA ECONÔMICA (SPE) DO MINISTÉRIO DA FAZENDA (2024) Produto Interno Bruno – Segundo trimestre. Available in:. Access in: September, 9, 2024.
SHIN, J., MOON, J. J., KANG, J. (2023). Where does ESG pay? The role of national culture in moderating the relationship between ESG performance and financial performance. International Business Review, 32(3), 102071.
TEECE, D.J., PISANO, G. SHUEN, A. (1997) Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management. Strategic Management Journal, 18, 509-533.
TREEPONGKARUNA, S. SUTTIPUN, M. (2024) The impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting on corporate profitability: evidence from Thailand, Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
WAMBA, S. F.; GUNASEKARAN, A.; AKTER, S.; REN, S.J.F. DUBEY, R.; & STEPHEN, C. J. (2017) Big data analytics and firm performance: Effects of dynamic capabilities, Journal of Business Research, 70(C), 356-365.
WANG, R.Y.; STRONG, D.M. (1996) Beyond Accuracy: what data quality means to data consumers, In: Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(4), 5-33.
WANG, S.; CHIN, MK.; SHEEHAN, N.T. (2024) Editorial - CIBER special issue: Turning environmental, social, and governance (ESG) theory into action: Implications for global business leaders. 2023. Business Horizons. Available in:< https://str.aom.org/discussion/call-for-papers-turning-esg-theory-into-action> Access in: January, 2024.
WARNER, K. S., WÄGER, M. (2019). Building Dynamic Capabilities for Digital Transformation: An Ongoing Process of Strategic Renewal. Long Range Planning, 52, 326-349.
ZHOU, Y., AGYEMANG, A. O., ADAM, I. O., TWUM, A. K. (2022) Assessing the impact of technological innovation on environmental and financial performance of Chinese textile manufacturing companies. International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management, 22(4), 369–393
POPOV, K.; MAKEEVA, E. (2022) Relationship between Board Characteristics, ESG and Corporate Performance: A Systematic Review. Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы 16(4), 5-20, December
AKTER, S.; WAMBA, S.F.; GUNASEKARAN, A.; DUBEY, R.; CHILDE, S. J. (2016) How to improve firm performance using big data analytics capability and business strategy alignment? International Journal of Production Economics, 182, December, 113-131
ALESSA, N., AKPAREP, J. Y., SULEMANA, I., AGYEMANG, A. O. (2024) Does stakeholder pressure influence firms environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure? Evidence from Ghana. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1).
ALSAYEGH, M.F.; RAHMAN, R.A.; HOMAYOUN, S. (2020) Corporate Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability Performance Transformation through ESG Disclosure. Sustainability, 12(9), 3910.
ASANTE-APPIAH, B., LAMBERT, T. A. (2023) The role of the external auditor in managing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reputation risk. Review of Accounting Studies, 28(4), 2589–2641.
ASIF, M.; SEARCY, C.; CASTKA, P. (2023) ESG and Industry 5.0: The role of technologies in enhancing ESG disclosure, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 195, October, 122806
AWAN, U.; SHAMIM, S.; KHAN, Z.; ZIA, N.U.; SHARIQ, S.M.; KHAN, M.N. (2021) Big data analytics capability and decision-making: The role of data-driven insight on circular economy performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 168, July, 120766
BAGH, T.; ZHOU, B.; ALAWI, S.M.; AZAM, R.I. (2024) ESG resilience: Exploring the non-linear effects of ESG performance on firms sustainable growth, Research in International Business and Finance, 70, Part A, June, 102305
BARNES, S.J.; GUO, Y.; CHAN, J. (2022) Big Data analytics for sustainability: Insight through technological innovation. Information & Management, 59, 5, July, 103627
BCG. Most Innovative Companies – Report, 2022. Available in:
BHARDWAJ. A.; SINGH, W. (2017) Systematic review of big data analytics in governance, 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), Palladam, India, 501-506.
BRESCIANI, S.; ABBAS, J.; JABEEN, F. (2024) Building Digital Capabilities for Improved ESG Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms: Strategies for Tackling Challenges and Capitalizing on Opportunities". Editorial, 2024. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Available in:
CAI, C.; LI, Y.; TU, Y. (2024) Big data capabilities, ESG performance and corporate value. International Review of Economics & Finance, 96, Part A, November, 103540
CHEN, S.; SONG, Y.; GAO, P. (2023) Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and financial outcomes: Analyzing the impact of ESG on financial performance Journal of Environmental Management, 345, 1 November, 118829
CHENG, L. T.W; FUNG, HG; ZHAO, J. (2024) Sustainability: A Journey for Better Future in Developing Countries. Asian Journal of Accounting Research. Editorial. 2024. Available in:
CIAMPI, F.; DEMI, S.; MAGRINI, A.; MARZI, G.; PAPA, A. (2021) Exploring the impact of big data analytics capabilities on business model innovation: The mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Journal of Business Research, 125, março, 261.
CORNELL, B.; SHAPIRO, A.C. (2021) Corporate stakeholders, corporate valuation and ESG. European Financial Management, 27(2), March, 196-207
DAVENPORT, T. H.; HARRIS, J.; & SHAPIRO, J. Competing on Talent Analytics. Harvard Business Review, 88 (10), 1-6, 2010.
DEL GESSO, C.; LODHI, R.N. (2024) Theories underlying environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure: a systematic review of accounting studies, Journal of Accounting Literature, ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print.
DONALDSON, T.; PRESTON, L. (1995) The stakeholders theory of the corporation: concepts, evidence and implications. Academy of Management Review, 20(1), 65-91.
ESPOSITO, M.; TSE, T.; AKBAR, Y.; LANTERI, A. (2023) Special Issue Special Issue for California Management Review - Generative AI and Acceleration of ESG Performance, Editorial, 2023, 67(3). Available in: https://cmr.berkeley.edu> Access in: May, 2024.
FRIEDMAN, L.; MILES, S. (2006) Stakeholders: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006.
GIORDINO, D., JABEEN, F., NIRINO, N., BRESCIANI, S. (2024). Institutional investors ownership concentration and its effect on disclosure and transparency of United Nations sustainable development goals. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 200, 123132.
GONG, C.; RIBIERE, V. (2021) Developing a unified definition of digital transformation, Technovation, 102(C).
GOVINDAN, K.; SHAW, M.; MAJUMDAR, A. (2021) Social sustainability tensions in multi-tier supply chain: A systematic literature review towards conceptual framework development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279 (10), January, 123075
GUPTA, M.; GEORGE, J.F. (2016) Toward the development of a big data analytics capability. Information & Management, 53(8), 1049-1064.
HAHN, T., PINKSE, J., PREUSS, L. FIGGE F. (2015) Tensions in Corporate Sustainability: Towards an Integrative Framework. J Bus Ethics 127, 297–316
HUTTON, J.G.; GOODMAN, M.B.; ALEXANDER, J.B.; GENEST, C.M. (2001) Reputation management: the new face of corporate public relations? Public Relations Review, 27(3), Autumn, 247-261
KPMG (2023) Putting big data at the heart of ESG decision making. Disponível em: https://kpmg.com/xx/en/home/insights/2021/08/pulse-of-fintech-h1-21-esg.html. Acesso em: 07.12.2023.
LE, H.; VU, KC. (2024) Big data analytics and environmental performance: The moderating role of internationalization. Finance Research Letters, 64, June, 105484
LI, J.; LIAN, G.; XU, A. (2023) How do ESG affect the spillover of green innovation among peer firms? Mechanism discussion and performance study, Journal of Business Research, Volume 158, March, 113648
LU, Y., XU, C., ZHU, B., SUN, Y. (2024). Digitalization transformation and ESG performance: Evidence from China. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(2), 352–368.
MAALOUL, A.; ZEGHAL, D.; BEN-AMAR, W.; MANSOUR, S.; (2021) The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance and Disclosure on Cost of Debt: The Mediating Effect of Corporate Reputation, Corporate Reputation Review, 26(3), December.
MADSEN, T.L. (2024) Academy of Management. 84th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management (AOM 2024). Innovating for the Future: Policy, Purpose, and Organization. Available in:
MAJI, S.G.; LOHIA, P. (2024) Assessing the effect of core and expanded ESG on corporate financial performance: COVID-19’s moderating role, Journal of Indian Business Research, 16(2), 244-264
MCAFEE, A. ; BRYNJOLFSSON, E. (2012) Big Data: The Management Revolution. Harvard Business Review.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY, (2024) Social Responsability Report. (2019) Available in:
MENG T, DATO HAJI YAHYA MH, ASHHARI ZM, YU D (2023) ESG performance, investor attention, and company reputation: threshold model analysis based on panel data from listed companies in China. Heliyon 9(10): e20974.
MIKALEF, P.; PAPPAS, I.O.; KROGSTIE, J.; GIANNAKOS, M., (2018) "Big data analytics capabilities: a systematic literature review and research agenda, Information Systems and e-Business Management, Springer, 16(3), 547-578, August.
MIKALEF.P., KROGSTIE, J.; PAPPAS, I.O.; PAVLOU, P. (2020). Exploring the relationship between big data analytics capability and competitive performance: The mediating roles of dynamic and operational capabilities. Information & Management, 57(2), March, 103169
MISHRA, B.P., BISWAL, B.B., BEHERA, A.K. DAS, H.C. (2021) Effect of big data analytics on improvement of corporate social/green performance, Journal of Modelling in Management, 16(3)3, 922-943.
MOHAMMAD, W.M.W.; WASIUZZAMAN, S. (2021) Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) disclosure, competitive advantage and performance of firms in Malaysia. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2, June, 100015
MONITOR EMPRESARIAL DE REPUTAÇÃO CORPORATIVA (2023) Responsabilidade ESG no Brasilem 2023. Report. Available in: https://www.merco.info/br/. Access in: June, 28.
NADERPAJOUH, N.; AALTONEN, K.; ERIK HOLLNAGEL, E.; KWAK, Y.H.; LINNENLUECKE, M. (2024) Projects of Future: Temporary Organizing for Resilient and Just Societies and Businesses – Editorial. IEEE Tems – Technology & Engineering Management Society. Available in:https://www.ieee-tems.org/projects-of-future-temporary-organizing-for-resilient-and-just-societies-and-businesses/. Access in: June, 2024.
PESQUEIRA, A., SOUSA, M.J. (2024) Exploring the role of big data analytics and dynamic capabilities in ESG programs within pharmaceuticals. Software Qual J 32, 607–640.
SARIYER, G., SACHIN K. M., SOUMYADEB C., MERT E. S., YIGIT K. (2024) Predictive and prescriptive analytics for ESG performance evaluation: A case of Fortune 500 companies. Journal of Business Research 181, 114742.
SECRETARIA DE POLÍTICA ECONÔMICA (SPE) DO MINISTÉRIO DA FAZENDA (2024) Produto Interno Bruno – Segundo trimestre. Available in:
SHIN, J., MOON, J. J., KANG, J. (2023). Where does ESG pay? The role of national culture in moderating the relationship between ESG performance and financial performance. International Business Review, 32(3), 102071.
TEECE, D.J., PISANO, G. SHUEN, A. (1997) Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management. Strategic Management Journal, 18, 509-533.
TREEPONGKARUNA, S. SUTTIPUN, M. (2024) The impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting on corporate profitability: evidence from Thailand, Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
WAMBA, S. F.; GUNASEKARAN, A.; AKTER, S.; REN, S.J.F. DUBEY, R.; & STEPHEN, C. J. (2017) Big data analytics and firm performance: Effects of dynamic capabilities, Journal of Business Research, 70(C), 356-365.
WANG, R.Y.; STRONG, D.M. (1996) Beyond Accuracy: what data quality means to data consumers, In: Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(4), 5-33.
WANG, S.; CHIN, MK.; SHEEHAN, N.T. (2024) Editorial - CIBER special issue: Turning environmental, social, and governance (ESG) theory into action: Implications for global business leaders. 2023. Business Horizons. Available in:< https://str.aom.org/discussion/call-for-papers-turning-esg-theory-into-action> Access in: January, 2024.
WARNER, K. S., WÄGER, M. (2019). Building Dynamic Capabilities for Digital Transformation: An Ongoing Process of Strategic Renewal. Long Range Planning, 52, 326-349.
ZHOU, Y., AGYEMANG, A. O., ADAM, I. O., TWUM, A. K. (2022) Assessing the impact of technological innovation on environmental and financial performance of Chinese textile manufacturing companies. International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management, 22(4), 369–393
POPOV, K.; MAKEEVA, E. (2022) Relationship between Board Characteristics, ESG and Corporate Performance: A Systematic Review. Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы 16(4), 5-20, December
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2024-11-12
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