DESENVOLVIMENTO E DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DA CEBOLA EM SISTEMA “SUPERADENSADO”
Abstract
Increasing plant density has been one of the main strategies adopted by farmers to enhance onion
productivity, which, in principle, requires adjustments in the fertilization management of this important
vegetable crop. This study aimed to assess the agronomic feasibility of higher population densities combined
with supplemental nitrogen fertilization. The treatments consisted of four plant densities (400, 600, 800
thousand plants ha⁻¹, and 1 million plants ha⁻¹) subjected to two nitrogen application rates (150 and 200 kg N
ha⁻¹). The experiment followed a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (4×2), with four
replications. Each experimental plot had a total area of 9.6 m² (effective area: 7.8 m²). The results indicated
that nitrogen doses above 150 kg ha⁻¹ did not increase the productivity of the onion cultivar Empasc 352
Bola Precoce. A higher number of leaves did not necessarily translate into greater productivity. The best
commercial distribution of bulbs in classes 2 and 3+ was achieved with a population density of 400 thousand
plants ha⁻¹. Variations in temperature and relative humidity throughout the onion growth cycle influenced
crop development and yield. A revision of the current NPK fertilization recommendation table for onion
cultivation in the state of Santa Catarina is necessary.

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